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Roman mask, Frederick II., Cologne Cathedral, canon from the time of Napoleon, Joachim Murat. Konrad Adenauer                  

History of the Seven Mountains

"For those who were once settled here, this is their country", thus Tacitus quoted the Germanic Ubii. Indeed, during the last about 2,000 years, people of numerous nationalities have come to the Rhine: Celts, Teutons, Romans, Frenchmen, Prussians, just to mention some of them. Therefore, the history of the Seven Mountains in the Rhineland is also a bit German and European history.

Romans/Germanics
Rome's attack - The Rhine Border - Germanic Raids -  Roman Rule ends

Early Middle Ages
Merovingians  - Carolingians

Late Middle Ages
Interregnum - Dynasties of Luxemburg and Habsburg

Absolutism 
The Era of Louis XIV. of France - Prussia and Austria

French Era
The End of the Old Empire - Wars of Liberation

Prussian Era
Rhine Province - Pre-March - Revolution 1848/49 - Unification

Imperial Germany
Bismarck Era - Wilhelmine Era - Cog Trains and Quarries - World War I

Weimar Republic
Years of Violence - The Year of Crisis 1923 - The Short Recovery - The Republic Crumbles

Federal Republic
A new beginning - "Winds of Change"

In the Roman Era, the Rhine was the border between the Roman Empire and the free Germania. In the Middle Ages, the front between regional powers, the Archbishopric of Cologne and The Duchies of Sayn and Berg, went right through the Seven Mountains. In the early modern times, the Prussian Kings again and again claimed the Duchy of Berg. Then, in the French Era, the Rhine again became the border, and the Duchy of Berg became a French model state with Napoleon at the top! In 1815 began then the long time the "Prussian Rhineland". As citizens of the State of Prussia, the Rhinelanders lived to see the establishment of the German Empire, the First World War and the Weimar Republic, when there were efforts to create a "Rhenish Republic". Finally, death and destruction in the Second World War, the new start with the Petersberg Agreement and the today's federal city of Bonn.

As said above, the history of the Seven Mountains in the Rhineland is also a bit German and European history. In the following chapters, we will therefore also look at the "crossroads" in history, at people and events where Rhineland history meets history of English speaking countries.

The photo of the Roman mask, the cathedral and Adenauer are from the German Wikipedia.
Die Fotos der Maske, des Doms und Adenauers stammen aus der freien Enzyklopädie Wikipedia und stehen unter der GNU-Lizenz für freie Dokumentation.    

Urheber   Maske  Urheber   Dom  Urheber  Adenauer

References